Narration Analysis of A Rose For Emily - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 912 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: A Rose For Emily Essay Did you like this example? A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner a short story about the life of South America at the beginning of the 20th century, which illustrates an attitude to women during the period described. The author gives interesting outlook of the social structure of the society of the time described. In this short story Faulkner manages to express the spirit of changes, which influence the lives of his characters. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Narration Analysis of A Rose For Emily" essay for you Create order Society, described in this short story, differs from the one we face today. Deprived of basic rights and freedoms, women of those times were physically and emotionally subdued to men. The study of gender relations and importance of social influence of these relations became the main idea of Faulkners writing. Gender relation is one of the main themes of a short story A Rose for Emily written by Faulkner. The story is written in a form of third-person narration and, what is notable, there is no one definite narrator. Third person narration and multiple people, who tell the story, is a special device used by the author. It helps him to pass the point of view of town folks to his readers. The readers get not only an opinion of one separate person, but a combined idea of what people think of the town described. The narrator, speaking in the first person plural that represents the entire town, recalls that, when Miss Emily Grierson died, all the townspeople of Jefferson, Mississippi, attended the funeral held in her house, the interior of which no one save an old black servant had seen in ten years. This house had once been grand, located in a respected neighborhood, but both neighborhood and house have since fallen into decay. In death, Miss Emily has gone to join all the respected dead who used to inhabit this once-respected neighborhood, in the cemetery ranked with the graves of Union and Confederate soldiers who perished in the battle of Jefferson during the Civil War. The townspeople attend the funeral both out of respect for Miss Emily as a monument to their aristocratic heritage, and out of a kind of curiosity, even nosiness. The sense of the town as interested in, invested in†and always watching†Miss Emily is suggested by the odd third person plural narrative representing the entire town. The house is, like its owner, a monument on the outside and a curiosity on the inside, a building that resists modernization even as it decays. The mention of the cemetery, another monument to the past, reminds us that†as is often the case in Faulkners works†to understand the present, we must also understand the past. When alive, Miss Emily had been respected and cared for by the townspeople. In fact, in 1894, the then-mayor of Jefferson, Colonel Sartoris†who made it illegal for black women to go into the town streets without an apron on†excused her from paying taxes, dating from the time her fatherdied on into perpetuity. Miss Emily would not have accepted this excusal were she to think of it as charity, so Sartoris invented a story about how Emilys father had once loaned money to the town, claiming the excusal of Miss Emily from paying taxes was the towns preferred method of repaying the loan. Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town The first narrative leap back in time. Colonel Sartoris is a gallant Southern gentleman (and former Confederate Army colonel) who chivalrously, if condescendingly, excuses Miss Emily from paying her taxes as though she were a damsel in distress. He knows that Miss Emily is a proud woman of genteel upbringing, though, and that in her pride she would refuse charity, hence the story he invents. The narrator chauvinistically suggests that Emily believes the story because she, like all women, is nave.However, the next generation of town leaders came to find the tax arrangement with Miss Emily dissatisfactory; so one January they mailed her a notice of taxes due. By February, however, there was no reply. Miss Emily was subsequently sent a formal letter inviting her to the sheriffs office, then a letter from the mayor himself. The mayor received a reply note from her explaining that she no longer went out at all; enclosed without comment was the tax notice. A narrative leap forward in time. The chivalric traditions of the Old South become diluted as time passes; so it is that the newer generation of town authorities attempt to exact taxes from Miss Emily†these leaders are not gallant, but they arepragmatic and democratic.In response, the authorities of Jefferson dispatched members of the Board of Alderman to Miss Emilys house. Tobe showed the men into the dusty interior; a crayon portrait of Miss Emilys father stood by the fireplace. Once Miss Emily entered†a bloated-looking woman leaning on a cane†the deputations spokesman informed her that her taxes were due; but Miss Emily countered that Colonel Sartoris excused her from paying taxes long ago, and that the towns authorities should speak to him. Miss Emily then instructed Tobe to show the dissatisfied gentlemen out. So Miss Emily vanquished the town authorities in the matter of her taxes, just as she had vanquished their fathers thirty years before†two years after her fathers death, and shortly after her sweetheart had deserted her†in the matter of a bad smell issuing from her house. Miss Emily had become reclusive.

The World Of The Great War - 1040 Words

The First World War was truthfully the world’s shocking transition to the Modern Era. The battlefields were brutal, the rivalries were intense, and the consequences were devastating. Eventually, thirty two countries were involved, however, the gunshots could be heard all around the world. Four main underlying factors led to the outbreak of the Great War. The first of these was nationalism. Europe was home to not only a multitude of countries, but also countless ethnic groups. Nations rivaled each other for crucial markets and strategic borders Gavrilo Princip. The economic and political control over smaller, weaker nations is called imperialism, the second factor leading up to the war. The same concept of a society’s image of perfection that the Greeks had thousands of years ago, or arà ªte, still applied in the twentieth century. People deemed certain characteristics more worthy than others, resulting in a fierce competition for superiority. This was no different in t he race for dominance among countries. The third was militarism. Along with wealth and territory, military power was a crucial component to a country’s success. The growth of nationalism and imperialism caused an increase in military spending. Violence was not uncommon of imperial powers; since the dawn of mankind, humans have used force as a method of persuasion. However, as technology became more advanced and weapons became faster, stronger, and more lethal, militarism made a lasting impression. The fourthShow MoreRelatedThe Great War : World War I894 Words   |  4 Pages The Great War: World War I World War I, otherwise known as the Great War, began as a small battle that eventually developed into a prodigious uproar between several countries. WWI’s beginnings are controversial and historians throughout the world have several theories about the destructive event. Said to be one of the most disastrous and ruinous struggles between nations, The Great War lasted from July 1914 until November 1918. Referred to as a World War because of the global participation andRead MoreWorld War II : The Great War1105 Words   |  5 Pageswith Russia, the United States, the Middle East and other regions, World War One pitted the Central Powers--mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey--against the Allies--mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war was virtually unprecedented in the slaughter, carnage and destruction it caused. World War 1 also known as â€Å"the Great War† was a horrifying, bloody four year conflict that killed some fourteenRead MoreWorld War I And The Great War1472 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War I was usually suggested to as The Great War. The war began sometime in 1914 and lasted four years, ending in 1918. America endorsed, in this era, a great amount of devastation. Throughout those four years alone approximately nine million casualties occurred and in addition millions more were mutilated, grief-stricken, handicapped, or traumatized. World War I is referred to by some, the first catastrophe, man-made, of the twentieth century. Many historians continue to contemplate the essentialRead MoreWorld War I And The Great War1004 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War I or the Great War as it became known, occurred due to many causes, some of which are still unknown. The obvious trigger was the assassination of the heir to the AustriaHungarian throne archduke Ferdinand and his wife Sophie on the twenty-eighth of June 1914. But a great portion of th e cause dealt with past disputes between the Great Powers and such aggressive principles as Nationalism: the strong feeling of pride and devotion to one s country, Imperialism: the domination of one countryRead MoreThe World War I And The Great War1560 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War One , also known as the Great War was a global war fought between the allied powers and the central powers from July 1914 to November 1918. The assassination of Franz Ferdinand led to the outbreak of world war one. Franz Ferdinand was the arch duke of Austrian-Hungarian Empire and was considered as the heir of the Empires monarchy throne. However there was many other factors that caused world war one. Alliances which is an agreement between two or more countries which gives help if oneRead MoreThe Great War Of World War I1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great War also considered to be World War I, although not initially named that due to not knowing that there would have been a second one. The war laste d from 1914-1918 and was one of the most violent wars known to history. Before war broke out many of these countries were flourishing economically and wanting to advance their country. During this time period many of the countries were unified and if there was one country that were to engage in war with one then it would cause a major war. ARead MoreWorld War I And The Great War1196 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom this 20th century time period under the influence of mass media. World War I, or the Great War, was one of the bloodiest wars of all time. It was a war sparked by militarism, alliance, imperialism, and nationalism. However it’s affliction laid the groundwork for post war prosperity. Nearly all social classes felt its benefits. Workers rights improved, taxes were lowered, technology advanced, and industry boomed. The war was brutal and the roaring twenties were a chance for the United StatesRead MoreWorld War I And The Great War1147 Words   |  5 Pagesperspective of being the First World War, it truly lived to the name of â€Å"The Great War†. While no war is ever simple, this one was very complex for its time. It was a vast war with a revol utionary impact on military advances. The end result of the war, catastrophic. It was a conflict on a global scale that later involved over thirty nations. If anything it was a war on politics, and really illuminates what poor political stamina can result in. With all of this in mind the question stands, â€Å"What madeRead MoreWorld War I And The Great War1249 Words   |  5 PagesWhenever you come across World War I, don’t you ever deeply think about how it all started? Who would have known that just 2 pulls of a trigger could have triggered a demoralizing World War? World War I, also known as â€Å"The Great War,† was a war that primarily took place in Europe. It officially started on the 28th of July in 1914 and it unexpectedly lasted until the 11th of November in 1918 (about 4 years). The most predominant countries that fought in this war include Great Britain, France, RussiaRead MoreWorld War I And Great War1447 Words   |  6 PagesWorld war one was one the biggest wars in recorded history. It lasted from 1914-1918 and was a brutal conflict in Canadian history. More than 60,000 Canadians died in this war. When the First World War began in the year of 1914, some believe that it would last for a long time. Many young individuals in Canada and others saw this war as a privilege to travel, adventure, and great beauty. Some individuals were afraid that the conflict would be over before they could get into the battle. Many people

The Marginalization of Aboriginals in the Canadian Justice System Free Essays

The original people to live in Canada have adapted the name Aboriginals. They were here before the European settlers discovered the continent of North America. When the Europeans arrived in Canada they brought with the many technological advances and customs that the Aboriginals did not know. We will write a custom essay sample on The Marginalization of Aboriginals in the Canadian Justice System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although you might think that this would be a very great thing for Aboriginals, it was not very good. The Europeans thought that the aboriginals were very hostile and treated them very badly. The Europeans tried to assimilate the Aboriginal’s culture and force them to become like the Europeanss. The Canadian justice system has marginalized the Aboriginals of Canada for many years. For the first couple hundred years there were many wars between the Europeans and the Aboriginals. But then things started to stabilize and the Aboriginals and the European settlers began to trade amongst one another and become more and more dependent on each other. However, beginning in 1964, immediately following the Royal Proclamation, the British began to gain more control over the Aboriginals. They signed numerous treaties with the Aboriginals for them to give up their land in exchange for a sum of money and small reserve lands specifically for the Aboriginal people. However the land the aboriginals were given was very poor and had bad soil which made it hard to farm. The idea of residential schools set out in 1846 and was put into action in the late 1890’s by the Department of Indian Affairs. The whole point of residential schools was deculturalization of aboriginals. However the government didn’t put it so bluntly. They would say that the aboriginals are put in a â€Å"white society† to learn how to become â€Å"better† Canadians. Not only did residential schools commit culture genocide but there was also lots of abuse at the schools. For example, estimates suggest that as many as 60% of the students died (due to illness, beatings, attempts to escape, or suicide) while in the schools. They would be punished if they did not speak English even though many of the children didn’t know how. The schools were also very poorly funded by the government and the children were usually taught physical labour. Many of these issues have been solved and the government is still doing things today to help mend what they have done to the Aboriginals in the past. However Aboriginals are still very affected at what has been done to them. First Nation communities experience higher rates of violence, domestic abuse, sexual abuse: rape, incest, etc. lack of family and community cohesion, suicide, addictions, alcohol, food, health problem: diabetes, heart disease, obesity, poverty, unemployment, high school dropout (63% do not graduate), despair, hopelessness and more. The Aboriginal community has been marginalized by the Canadian Justice system which has affected them greatly. Hopefully the government will do everything they can to help aboriginal people become healthy members of society and keep their cultures and beliefs. How to cite The Marginalization of Aboriginals in the Canadian Justice System, Papers

Carnegie hall Essay Example For Students

Carnegie hall Essay On Sunday afternoon November 21, 1999, at 2:00 p.m.at 419th Concert Worldwide, 330th in New York, 218th in Carnegie Hall I attended a MidAmerica production that presented the New England Symphonic Ensemble. This concert contained several different compositions by large groups of musicians, including an orchestra band, and chorus. This concert was divided into three different parts. First there was the Vivaldi which was divided into 12 sections. Virginia-Gene Rittenhouse was the music director, Raymond Sprague was the conductor, Judith Von Housers Voice was the soprano, Mary Nessinger voice was the Mezzo soprano, and Elizabeth Hastings was the portative. There was a reprise in the first section Gloria which opened up the symphony. Following the first intermission the musicians performed Magnificant by Mohaycn, Ave Maria op 12 by Brahms, Magnificant by Vaughan Williams, and Canticle of Mary by Larson. Nancy Menk was the conductor, Judith Von Housers voice was the soprano and Mary Nessinger the Mezzo-soprano. The first three sections were settings of the magnificant text all for womens of tremble voices and orchestra. This recital was more dramatic due to the addition of the precussion that added a yelling sound in the end of the last section Canticle of Mary which portrayed Marys free spirit. Also they played a solovin oboe Manificant by Williams. Following the second intermission the musicians performed the Puccini which was divided into six sections. Solveig Holmquist was the conductor, Thomas C. Laine was the tenor and James Demler voice was the baritone. The chorus carries the major burden of their music. Thomas C. Laine presented the tenor in Credo, and James Demler presented the baritone in Agnas Dei. This piece also contained fugue and a chorale. Also all the instruments were blended together to produce harmony. In the first part of this recital the vivaldi, contained a string Quartet. After the first intermission, I looked down at the podium and noticed that the precussions were added which included the timpani, bass drum, tylophone, and cymbals. In this recital Nancy Menk was the conductor, Judith Von Houser was the soprano which played a high note, and Mary Nessinger was the Mezzo-soprano which played a slight softer note. This part of the concert was divided into four pieces. First there was the Magnificant by M. Haydn (the orchestra accompaniment was edited from the composers manuscript by Mark Nabholz). This piece consisted of strings without violas, two french horns, and an organ. The flute in this piece represented the Holy Spirit, while the full orchestra commented on Mary. The second section Ave Maria, op 12 by Brahms contained a string Quartet. This was a choral work which contained the voices of Houser, and Nessinger, and an organ. Directly following op 12, the Magnificant was played again. This time it was by Vaughan Williams and more brass, woodwinds, and strings were added which included the french horns, trombone, oboe, and cello. This piece started with a soft sound of a solo oboe. Following the oboe the strings and chorus were added to produce a thicker texture. At this point the oboe just blended in with the whole orchestra to produce harmony. By the middle of the piece the oboe was played solo again with no other accompaniment. I realized it was the sound of an oboe because I was familiarized with this instrument after listening to Peter and the Wolf by Serge Prokefiev. Towards the end of this piece the oboe was played solely for a few seconds then there was a fugue which included the cello, then Mary then the chorus which brought the Magnifi cant to its conclusion. The Canticle of Mary by Larsen was the last section of this performance. This oratorio consisted of Houser, Nessinger, and the full Orchestra. This music reflected the resounding, noisy joys and the melodic lines represented Mary. With accompaniment by precussion (bass drum, tylophone, and cymbals) it gave this piece tempo, and texture, which sparked energy and celebration that sounded like yelling when the precussions were added. The solo oboe in this piece represented the free spirit. Nessinger brought this piece to a conclusion. .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 , .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .postImageUrl , .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 , .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41:hover , .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41:visited , .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41:active { border:0!important; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41:active , .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41 .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1cfb2acbe1f532887a18f2076d764e41:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Breast Cancer EssayI always hear about Carnegie Hall. I got the impression that the best of the best musicians get a chance to perform in such a place, so I expected a great performance. It was a good performance, I cant say excellent. But deep inside I felt I cannot really judge this piece because my musical literacy is limited. I feel I learned a lot this semester in music class which helped me to understand and appreciate music. Overall it was a wonderful experience in Carnegie Hall which I had the chance of sharing with my beautiful boyfriend. Words/ Pages : 814 / 24

The Civil War Dilemmas Slave

In the middle of the 1800s, slavery and interpersonal relations between people with different social conditions were considered to be one of the most burning issues for consideration. Different families introduced absolutely different attitudes to the idea of slavery and owner-slave relations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Civil War Dilemmas: Slave-Owner Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The vast majority of rich people did not find it necessary to respect their slaves and introduce appropriate treatment. However, there were many cases when families took unbelievable care for their slaves and realized that human questions should go first if it was necessary. Nowadays, it is very hard for modern people to imagine how it is to be a slave and to be dependent on other people’s wishes and demands. It is impossible to comprehend what made people demonstrate their power over other people. However, it is also difficult to believe that many people were eager to protect their slaves and provide them with necessary treatment in respect to their assistance in house keeping or other duties. Slavery has to be regarded as an obscure question in the Civil War that divided people into groups, made them fight against each other, and forgot about the amenities of human life that was given to everyone; and in this paper, an attempt to evaluate slavery and to define its strong and weak sides under different conditions will be made. The question of slaves’ role in society turned out to be crucial in the development of interpersonal relations and played an important role in the history considering as one of the main reasons of the Civil War. In one of the letters written during the times before the Civil War, there was mentioned a true nature of slavery: it was said that â€Å"each every difficulty now growing out of the subject of slavery† (Estill 4). From other letters, it b ecomes clear that the vast majority of people could not realize a true essence of slavery and properly define the reasons of why people had to be divided into slaves and free. â€Å"I can never subscribe to the doctrine that Congress must protect slavery in the Territories; never. We must repudiate that vagary† (Stuart 2). Unfortunately, such attitude to slavery was not inherent to all representatives of society. People could not define what position they had to have, this is why numerous discussion concerning slavery and conditions under which people should live took place. The general state of affairs was of double nature in all states before the war, this is why there was a need to evaluate slavery and make it similar in all states.Advertising Looking for essay on african american? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This dilemma was hard to solve even from a religion perspective according to which all people were equal before God: Southern representatives could not support an idea of preaching gospels in those states where slavery was spread because these people did not deserve the right to have any kind of connection to God; and Northern representatives in their turn tried to support this idea unanimously (Staunton Spectator 2). The development of slavery ideas touched upon numerous people in different ways. Slavery existed, and it means that there were enough people who supported this idea and tried to create appropriate conditions to develop slavery all over the world. However, from the personal diaries of people, it became clear that the vast majority of people just had unbelievable fears in regard to slavery and people’s participation. Joseph Addison Waddell was a confederate who was obliged to stay at home and observe the events from there. He admitted that â€Å"slavery itself is extremely repulsive to my feelings† (Waddell n.p.), however, even his opposition to slavery meant nothing in comparison to his fear to what could happen to people who rejected slavery. Other owners of slaves demonstrated different attitude to their slaves and care of their conditions: slave’s complaints as for poor health and the necessity to call for a doctor (Smith 1) or owner’s refusal to impress her slave because of Confederates’ demands (Ott 2). So, another slave dilemma appears soon: how should slaves treat to those owners who respect their feelings and want to save proper relations with them? War times created numerous difficulties for people, however, one of the most difficult things was to go against personal demands and interests and take into consideration the requirements posed by society. In the movie Gone with the Wind, the director made a successful attempt how the relations between owners and slavers could develop: Scarlet’s slave had to leave their family in order to protect his rights, but still, he wanted to come back because it was his home and his family. Of course, this movie is far from true emotions and events during the period of war. However, it is a good chance to see how people suffered. Though slavery was not the only cause of the Civil War, it still had a considerable imprint in history. By means of the African slave-trade, Americans were able to supply necessary material and living means (Franklin Repository 1). Early colonial times were characterized by a long and cruel process of slavery establishment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Civil War Dilemmas: Slave-Owner Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People could not agree to the conditions under which slavery was offered. However, they could also do nothing in order to protect their own interests. People believed in one truth: all of them are born to be free and equal, but still, people supported slavery and even made it legal in 13 colonies. Those people who supp orted an idea of slavery supported an idea of creation of the device that would kill millions of people. The outcomes of their ideas and demands to make their lives better lead to negative results. The process of buying slaves was as ordinary as buying a new dress: relatives with high ranks were eager to suggest each other how to buy a proper slave and how to make use of him/her (Gilkeson 3). At the same time, many owners did not want to believe in the idea that slavery could lead to wars and misunderstanding because they treated to their slaves with love and care: â€Å"I fell in love with dear old Aunt Charity, the cook, and Amanda, the laundress† (Sterrett para.5). One of the silliest mistakes made by people before the Civil War is thoughtlessness to such important details as self-respect, personal ambitions, evaluation of ethical norms, and attention to labor. The representatives of high classes lost their way. They opposed an idea of slavery but still they did not want t o support the government that was able to improve the situation (Staunton Vindicator 2). To become different, to become better, or to achieve new peaks – all these purposes turned out to be crucial in everyday people’s life. They did not want to take care of ethical truths and norms which usually formulate relations between people. The experience of people demonstrated in their letters proved that before the Civil War, people became angrier, more selfish, and one-sided. They did their ordinary things, wrote letters, and share their thoughts with each other. However, they forgot about the necessity to develop relations and did something for their future generations. They left homes to join wars because they got orders and follow them. People did not think that they could influence something. And slaves, in their turn, wanted to achieve respect from their owners, this is why their attempts were more or less successful.Advertising Looking for essay on african american? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At the end of the Civil War, the number of deaths was impressive indeed. People lost their lives in order to protect their rights. However, they could not guess that their actions and inabilities were the causes of their losses. Slavery is the debatable question that could not be opposed or supported only. Much depends on the conditions people prefer to create. Life of ordinary people who did not want to participate in public affairs underwent considerable changes during the war. The relations between slaves and owners faced a number of dilemmas in accordance to which it was hard to define the truth. On the one hand, if the war did not occur, people could never realize the worth of the lives and the necessity to improve slave-owner relations. On the other hand, people had to use their experience and abilities to solve problems in more peaceful ways. So that, such dilemmas could never be solved but still they could be understood. Works Cited Estill, B. â€Å"Valley Personal Letters. † The Valley of the Shadow. 13 Feb 1860. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/papers/A8028. Gilkeson, A. â€Å"Valley Personal Letters.† The Valley of the Shadow. 21 Sept 1858. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/papers/A1112. â€Å"Hon. John Letcher and the People of the Tenth Legion.† Staunton Spectator (19 Feb 1859): 1. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/news/rv1859/va.au.rv.1859.02.19.xml#02. Ott, Margaret. â€Å"Valley Personal Letters.† The Valley of the Shadow. 6 Dec 1864. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/papers/A2915. Smith, Joseph. â€Å"Valley Personal Letters.† The Valley of the Shadow. 23 Nov 1862. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/papers/A9513. â€Å"Slavery Discussion.† Staunton Spectator (10 Jun 1857): 2. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/news/ss1857/va.au.ss.1857.06.10.xml#02. Sterrett, Alansa, R. â€Å"Diary of Alansa Rounds Sterrett (1860-1913)†. The Valley of the Shadow. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/pap ers/AD9001. Stuart, Alexander. â€Å"Valley Personal Letters.† The Valley of the Shadow. 12 Aug 1859. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/papers/A8012. â€Å"The Basis of Union.† Franklin Repository (31 Aug 1859): 1. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/news/fr1859/pa.fr.fr.1859.08.31.xml#01. Waddell, Joseph, A. â€Å"Augusta County: Diary of Joseph Addison Waddell.† The valley of the Shadow. Web. http://valley.lib.virginia.edu/papers/AD1500. This essay on The Civil War Dilemmas: Slave-Owner Relations was written and submitted by user Tatt00 to help you with your own studies. 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Compare and Contrast the Development and Establishment of the colonies of Virginia and Massachusetts Bay

Compare and Contrast the Development and Establishment of the colonies of Virginia and Massachusetts Bay Like Virginia, Massachusetts Bay was settled by Europeans. Both settlements struggled to survive at first. They both also encountered natives living there before they arrived. In Virginia there were the Algonquians and in Massachusetts Bay there was a large number of Puritans.Although there were many differences between the two colonies it comes as to no surprise that they are very much so related in their hardships. Such as in Virginia there was disease, famine and continuing attacks of the neighboring Algonquians which took a tremendous toll on the population. Only sixty out of the original two hundred and fourteen settlers at Jamestown survived. While at the Massachusetts Bay the settlers had their hardships too, the long, harsh winters, the unfertile soil, the lurking red man, often very hostile, and other obstacles common to pioneer life.They were also different in many ways for instance in Virginia as the population struggled to survive striving off the Powhatan and their food, furs, fruits, and their shelters.Anne Hutchinson on TrialIn Massachusetts Bay the growth of their colony was phenomenal. This phenomenal growth lasted for about ten years. During this time more than twenty thousand home seekers had sailed into the harbors of Massachusetts Bay.Sure they had their hard times but they were greatly improving over time whereas the colony of Virginia was greatly depreciating over time and the colony of Virginia had to depend on others the entire time they were there. But not the colony of the Massachusetts Bay they did a lot of he things on their on. Strong houses soon took the place of the early built cabins and herds of cattle, goats, and swine covered the countryside, and ships were soon carrying loads of lumber, salt fish and furs to their mother country. Where Virginia were running back...

Bmw’s Dream Factory and Culture

The culture at BMW is an entrepreneurial culture which emphasizes creativity, risk taking and the bottom-up system of freewheeling ideas. The top-down management style is popular in Germany but not at the BMW. As soon as associates start working at the BMW, they will have the sense of the place, history and the mission of the company. BMW creates a working environment that promotes easier communications between leaders and employees. Every employee can contribute his or her ideas and creations via either formal or informal ways. For example, an employee sees his or her supervisor by chance on the way to lunch, he/she can tell this person of the idea which has just happened in his/her mind. More importantly, their voices and their ideas are heard, welcomed and brought into discussions and consideration. As a result, a car from BMW is often a production of thousands of impromptu brainstorming sessions. Furthermore, BMW cares for the benefits of its employees. It includes all employees in profit sharing. It has a plan that distributes as much as one and a half months’ extra pay at the end of the year to employees. The company also provides a high level of job security for its employees. Lastly, BMW also focuses on high-quality but practical products which meet the demand of consumers and are highly competitive with other auto producers. The company’s near-failure from producing impractical and expensive cars during the postwar time in 1959 was a big lesson for them. This near-failure is always retold and mentioned in all new orientations for the new associates. It helps to remind all employees at BMW of a lesson learned for the company in developing its plans in the future and ensuring that kind of mistake should never happen again. 2. Discuss the model of leadership illustrated at BMW. The model of leadership illustrated at BMW is the consideration model of leadership. The leaders at BMW have close relationships with subordinates that are based on mutual trust, two-way and open communications, and respect for employees’ ideas. The managers at BMW must stay humble and work closely with subordinates and their peers. The Leipzig factory, which looks like an art museum, is a very creative working environment that can make the communications between managers and employees easier. Managers at BMW are the ones who know to make the right questions to ask their subordinates, not the ones who have all the right answers. They also emphasize the satisfaction of their employees’ needs and provide as many benefits to their employees as possible. They are approachable and always willing to listen to their employees. They think if the employees are well motivated, better cars will be produced. . Discuss how the leadership model contributes to the culture. The leadership model at BMW shortens the distance between leaders and subordinates. The relationships between them are built on mutual trust. Employees can feel free to raise their innovative ideas to their managers anytime and anywhere. When the employees see that their voice is heard, they are more encouraged to talk. Moreover, the company cares for the employees’ benefits. In return, the employees are very flexible to contribute their best for the company. The employees do not mind working temporarily for months in another work location which requires them to be far away from their family. They are willing to work for extra hours without being concerned about overtime. In summary, the leadership model at BMW has made it such a culture that is quite distinct from other German companies. 4. Discuss why employees derive high job satisfaction at BMW. The employees of BMW derive high job satisfaction because their benefits are well cared of, their voice is heard and their hard work is highly appreciated. Also, their job security at BMW is high. Any employees, regardless of what grade they are, can contribute their ideas and their innovations to the company’s managers easily. There are no complicated, formal processes or procedures required to send their ideas to their management teams. Furthermore, when the company gets more profits, the employees will also be more benefited. Good working environment is developed and paid attention to. In conclusion, BMW’s employees are highly motivated so they are satisfied and willing to contribute more to the development of the company.

Discharge planning of a patient using a patient profile Essay

Discharge planning of a patient using a patient profile - Essay Example These readmissions crop up as a result of mistakes resulting from lack of proper care for the patients after discharge, or discontinuation of medication (DOH, 2005). Low health literacy being in high rates gives rise to increased rates of re-hospitalisation, especially, in urban patients, who earn low income. Lack of coordination between the in-patient and out-patient process, boosts the risk of readmission in hospitals, together with gaps in social care and supports. Primary care physicians find it hard to understand the complex process of hospitalisation, since the inpatient care is provided in the hospitals (Bortwick et al., 2009). A discharge plan is the key tool used by the primary care- providers so as to go on with the care of the patient. Therefore, a safe and comprehensive discharge plan is essential when discharging a patient, in order to aid the primary care providers and social workers in their duties. A discharge plan Discharge is a vital component of care management in any aspect. It makes sure that social care and health systems remain proactive when supporting patients, their families and carers, when there is the need to go home, or move to a different setting (SPLG, 2010). Mr. Sharma, 87 years old man has been hospitalized and, due to the considerable progress he has made in recovery, he will be discharged after ten days. A safe and comprehensive discharge plan needs to be developed which will suit him, and which will ensure his recovery without re-hospitalisation. Mr. Sharma’s discharge plan is supposed to prepare the home for him, to meet all his needs, reduce the probability of readmission, as well as saving on social care services (SPLG, 2010). Putting in mind that Mr. Sharma has multiple conditions, an open wound, he is taking many drugs, and that he is an old man, the following discharge plan will best suit him. A discharge plan will help his carers after he is discharged, to coo rdinate services and care (Katikireddi and Cloud, 2009). This paper will address the probable problems, the interventions, and the rationale behind the decisions made. Problem The patient is an old man aged 87 years old. Outcome Being an old person, the patient requires careful and extra care since he is exceptionally delicate. Close supervision should be done always to ensure all the medical requirements are done (Lindenberg, 2010). Intervention 1. Meet with the family members and the carers of the patient, in order to discover who takes care of the patient most time, prior to discharge (Roberts, 2002). 2. Explain the need to have a person close to Mr. Sharma always, and close supervision. 3. Ensure that the patient will be kept busy and occupied. This can be through the provision of a television set or even constant company, to avoid boredom. 4. Discover if there is polypharmacy. Rationale The patient is an elderly person and hence the need to meet with the family members and the carers to enlighten them on the complications faced by old people after discharge, and the factors that can lead to readmission. According to the National Service Frame work for older people, old people are likely to suffer multiple complications, unlike, young people. They can have different conditions requiring different and specific treatment (DOH, 2001). The need to meet with the family members and carers of the patient is to make them understand how to care for the old person to reduce the case of readmission. The elderly patient needs a person close to him to monitor

Marxist Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marxist Theory - Essay Example Marxism focuses on the relations between different social classes and the societal conflict. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels are the intellectual tenets of Marxism in the mid to late 19th century. Many writers have endeavored to talk and elaborate more on this as Marxism has taken a key root in the economies and societal relationships of many countries. Among them are Franz Kafka in the book Metamorphosis and Guy De Maupassant in the book The Necklace. In our following essay, we shall be seeking to associate the two novels and capitalism. Metamorphosis warns of the effects of capitalism. Those human beings are held up in a cocoon of labor and labor and the inevitable end where human beings will be lonely and live a life of makes him horror. It also creates a notion that in the end women will rule over men. The Novella revolves around Gregor who is a salesperson hawking fabric so that he can be able to support his mother and sister. He works so hard like an insect to find anything he c an survive with. He becomes exhausted with this race and he oversleeps and later wakes up and wakes up as a monstrous vermin. Gregor is trapped by his job that makes him like a machine that can be replaced any minute. Entangled by his parents debt and his will to provide for his family he is left with no way out but becoming an alcoholic and this makes him. He works so hard like an insect to find anything he can survive with. He becomes exhausted with this race and he oversleeps and later wakes up.

Business Ethics Essay Example for Free

Business Ethics Essay What is ethics? What are some common ethical types? Why do business people need it? Can ethics be taught to people? Ethics is a study of morality, stems from the ancient Greek â€Å"ethos† meaning custom or habit. It is a study of theories concerning what is good and evil in human conduct. There is no particular set of laws defining what is ethical and what is not, because there is no right or wrong answer. The second sense of ethics speak of â€Å"codes of ethics†, which are a set of rules serve as guidance to people, often in fields of professions such as business or medical. Ethical contrasts with unethical, which goes against the codes of ethics. There are several ethical theories in Western philosophy. Many of them look at the fruits of one’s action – categorized under Consequentialism, while other theories uphold one’s right and duty, which is Deontology. Consequentialism pertains to cost and benefits. It deals with the results and consequences of performing or not performing an action. For example: If war brings more good (money, oil, labor) than bad (casualties) then it is ethical. Some consequentialist theories are utilitarianism and ethical egoism. Utilitarianism, according to Bentham and Mill, the right action is which creates the greatest good for the greatest number. People should ask what action would promote the greatest amount of happiness for people who are affected. For example: a utilitarian would say euthanasia is ethical if that would bring satisfaction to the suffering patient and financial relief to the family. Ethical egoism, according to Ayn Rand, says we should do what is purely in our best interest, as opposed to altruism. It promotes one’s well-being above others. Meanwhile deontology pertains to rights, duties or obligations. It concerns the morality of the action that is being performed (or not performed) rather than the results deriving from said action. In Kantian deontology, he promotes the Golden rules (don’t steal, don’t lie, don’t commit suicide) which are absolute rules that one must follow no matter what. Therefore it would be unethical to steal food even if it is for a dying person. In Lockean deontology, John Lock believes each individual is entitled to natural rights, such as right to live, right to freedom, right o pursue happiness, ect. Another theory is virtual ethics, which is similar to Confucianism, in that a person’s virtues are habits and characteristics that one exhibits. Business people need ethics because it helps prevent malpractices and corruptions. Business practitioners should refer to business codes of conduct as a guide to maintain good business practices that help safeguarding customer confidence, rights and satisfactions; protecting employees and shareholders’ interests and legal rights; and upholding healthy competitions among businesses. According to Socrates, ethics are what people ought to do and it can be taught. Psychologists also argue that a person’s ability to deal with moral issues is not formed since birth but develop gradually. I personally think a person’s moral can be shaped and that ethics should be taught, because without it we are left with a generation full of confused individuals whom are unable to comprehend and decide what right and what is wrong. That said, ethics should not be forced on people but should only serve as a guide and advisor. Because there is no uniform set of rules for ethics, it is subjective to the psycho-demographic and geographic of the teachers. A new learner should be given space to assess and confirm what he believes is right and wrong for himself. 2/ What is an argument? What makes it valid/invalid, sound/unsound, good/ bad, â€Å"true†? An argument is a collection of statements or propositions, including premises and conclusions, in an attempt to persuade another that the conclusion is true. The premises are intended to provide support and evidence in favor to the speaker’s stance, and in some cases they don’t success. There can be an indefinite number of premises, while there needs to be at least one conclusion. Conclusions are statements about the point the argument is trying to make. An argument needs to base on logic, in order to avoid logical fallacies (such as slippery slope argument) which make an argument bad, invalid or unsound. An argument is valid, or colloquially speaking, is good if the premises give logical and true reasons to prove that the conclusion is true. It is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion false, or if the conclusion follows from the premises in a logical way.

Suffering :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In many places throughout the world and almost every person on the planet people go through or witness suffering and death everyday. I have experience and lived through suffering. Many people have different explanations for the reason of these terrible things but could this happen to benefit us. Martin Luther king say’s suffering is creative and redemptive but not in the original meanings we think.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The meaning I associate with suffering is an uncomfortable state for an amount of time. This is not the text book definition the real definition is To feel pain or distress; sustain loss, injury, harm, or punishment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In many things I have witnessed is my Great-grand mother dying. However she was very old naturally it was and is very hard. How ever I believe the creative aspect must have been when she was dying and repeatedly told me about the miraculous hills and flowers. I believe the hardest thing about accepting and fearing your own death is the lack of knowledge of the after life and I believe because she gave me this wonderful description it wont be as hard for me to accept her death along with other peoples and my own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another type creative suffering I have see is with in my friends family. His father suffers from a self inflicted disease called alcoholism. I believe because of his higher percentage to become and alcoholic himself by seeing such a hard suffering could teach him not to do it and maybe even help his offspring by informing them. This is another way I believe this suffering of one person can help so many others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Overall the term of death that strikes me the most the come about Jesus’ death is the fact that Jesus was ransom for all of us and he didn’t care he willingly was a sacrifice for us and all of our sins and this is surely a creative death. He was here to help us and release us of our sins. With out him It is possible we could not be here today. This is how it connects to human nature but his sacrifice is his life which is not of a normal person he is special.

Pacific Oil Company Failed Negotiation

Richard Paguirigan National University/Law 402 Professor Hamlin January 22, 2012 1. Identify the strengths and weaknesses of Fontaine's and Gaudin's negotiating strategy in their deliberations with Reliant Chemical Company. Fontaine and Gaudin started off with a competitive strategy, wherein the outcome of the negotiation was more important than the relationship. This is evidenced by the fact that the market for VCM would be oversupplied in a few years due to the building of new chemical plants and a drop in demand. Pacific only needed to secure an extension from Reliant to enable them to maintain operations for just a while longer or until they could come up with a new business strategy for the future. There is nothing to suggest that Pacific had any incentive to maintain a relationship with Reliant after that time. Although Pacific was considering becoming a producer of PVC products in order to minimize its dependence on external sales, no firm decision had yet been made so Pacific’s possible survival was still up in the air. Fontaine and Gaudin were aware that they had less than a three year window in which to extend the contract. They also knew that Reliant was probably aware that the market was going soft. Although Fontaine and Gaudin began their efforts with a sense of urgency to extend the contract with Reliant, they came into negotiation not having really developed their strategy and how they would attack it. They were unprepared for the issues that Reliant brought up and were essentially on the defensive throughout. The sense of urgency that exhibited coming into the negotiations was undermined by their failure to set time limits or deadlines. They were fair game for â€Å"entrapment† by the Reliant since they really had no information about Reliant’s situation and therefore could not counter or reverse the attack. Although Competitive Strategy was the intent, poor planning and unanticipated problems along the way caused their strategy to get flipped around and they succumbed to utilizing an Accommodating strategy (lose to win) in the end. Strengths: â€Å"The accommodating strategy may be used to encourage a more interdependent relationship, to increase support and assistance from the other, or even cool off hostile feelings if there is tension in the relationship. If the relationship is ongoing, then it may be particularly appropriate to â€Å"back down† now, to keep communication lines open and not pressure the opponent to give in on something that they do not want to discuss (Lewicki 18)†. Weaknesses: In most cases, this is a short-term strategy used with the expectation that accommodation now will create an opportunity to achieve outcome goals in the future. This strategy should only be used when the outcome is not very important or if the primary objective is to improve the relationship. Unfortunately, for Pacific the outcome was important though the relationship wasn’t. 2. Identify the strengths and weaknesses of Hauptman's and Zinnser's negotiating strategy. Hauptman and Zinnser utilized Competitive Strategy (win to lose). Unlike Pacific, Reliant had done its research and was fully aware of Pacific’s situation and the market dynamics going on at the time and, presumably well into the future. They had a plan, developed a strategy and used it to their advantage. Essentially, Reliant had been given no incentive by Pacific to extend the contract. They had done their research, and armed with the knowledge gleaned and now aware as to the reasons why Pacific was so eager to extend the contract, they took the opportunity to gain the upper hand. Since Pacific never imposed any deadlines, they stalled for as long as they could all the while arguing for, and getting a number of concessions along the way. They were never on the defensive at any time since Pacific had nothing on them. They were in a favorable position to â€Å"entrap† Pacific, causing them to change strategies which resulted in failed negotiations. Strengths: The Competitive strategy is effective in getting the other party to give in, and thus to satisfy the competitor’s needs now. Weaknesses:. The outcome of the negotiation is more important than the relationship. It strains and endangers the relationships between the parties. 3. What action should Fontaine take at the end of the case? Fontaine needs to reverse the damage done. Perhaps a collaborative strategy is in order. If Fontaine can convince Reliant that they will get into the PVC business after all and possibly become a PVC products manufacturer, hence a competitive threat, maybe Reliant will then get off their high horse and agree to cooperate for the mutual benefit of everyone. Pacific will need to make some concessions. Price, exclusive contracts or even a non-compete agreement may convince Reliant it would not be worth it to retaliate against Pacific.

Beowulf Comparison Essay

Beowulf is a very appealing novel as well as a film. The novel Beowulf and the film have many similarities, but they have more differences then anything. While watching the film I noticed many added parts that were not included in the novel. In the film, Grendel’s arm caught is caught on a rope as he’s trying to escape. As the men get closer he has no choice but to cut his own arm off in order to escape, this action is an actual animal reaction when their limb gets caught, the eat their own limb off. This event does not occur in the novel. In the novel Grendel is described as an evil monster with claws, while in the film he appears to be a regular human being. There is also some romance that goes on in the film. Another difference is that the novel is written in very old English while the English in the film seems a little more modern. Religion also seemed to play an important role in the film that it didn’t play on the novel. Before I watched the film I expected an ugly demon looking thing to play the role of Grendel, but instead he was just a very tall man with birth defects. In my opinion Grendel is not the monster the book makes him out to be. When Beowulf becomes furious with Grendel he begins to mimic Beowulf in amusement. While in the novel Grendel becomes angry and goes completely wild. I found both the novel and the movie amusing because they both had something different to offer. Reading the book allows you to visualize the characters and what their personality traits are going to be like. The novel will also allow me to better understand the climax and main points. As far as the film goes, it really helped me comprehend what is going on in the story, due to the novel being in Old English. After reading the novel I expected the film to be distinctively different, especially the way Grendel was portrayed. Despite the differences from the novel and the film, they both give me a clear understanding of what is occurring in the story.

CENSORSHIP ON THE INTERNET Essays - Content-control Software

CENSORSHIP ON THE INTERNET Essays - Content-control Software CENSORSHIP ON THE INTERNET A 43-year-old man from Boston was having a steamy cyber affair with who he thought to be a 23-year-old woman. He later found out the "she," to his dismay, was an 80-year-old man living in a Miami nursing home. Things like this happen everyday, people mask their sex and age to avoid or attract attention on the Internet. This is only one of the reasons why the government wants to censor the Internet. They claim they want to ?protect? the children by limiting the amount of ?reality? they are allowed to view. But in order to do this they would need to censor the entire Internet, from everyone. This is why censorship on the Internet would be a violation of the first amendment. Censorship itself is not what most people are concerned about. Instead, how far will it go? How far is too far? When will it stop? Can the Internet ever be censored? These questions need to be answered before we can even think about censoring. In order to fully understand censorship you have to know what the Internet is. The Internet is an open interconnection of networks that enables computers to connect directly through phone lines. It allows people from around the world to communicate with the touch of a button. Its size is unimaginable, its content is uncountable. "In early 1995 more than 50,000 networks and 5 million computers were connected via the Internet, with a computer growth rate of about 9 percent per month" (Rutkowski, Encarta). Is the Internet to large to be censored? Remember in the 1940s people said radio was uncensorable. What is censorship anyway? Censorship is the official restriction of expression thought to be harmful. "Censorship restricts the flow of ideas, depriving people of information they need to maintain an open society" (Steffens, 11). Censorship itself is by no means a new idea. It has existed since the beginning of mankind, Playboy magazine in the 1950?s, radio in the 1930?s, book burning in the 1940?s, steamy celluloid reels in the 1920?s, and erotic pages coming off the Gutenberg press in the 1350?s. People fear new technology, I believe this is the reason that people want to censor the Internet. Change is a frightening thing, but without it the human race would cease to exist. Taking over our world, computers can be good or bad depending on how you look at it. At this time there is more information on the Internet than there is in any library and it is only a matter of years before books themselves will become obsolete. By censoring the Internet the government will only be holding us back. Germany, China, Singapore, and several other countries have taken action and began to censor the Internet. The United States is not far behind. On February 8th, 1996, President Clinton signed the Communications Decency Act, which limits freedom of expression on the Internet. With this act, the very same materials which are legally available today in book stores and libraries could be illegal if posted on World Wide Web sites or Usenet newsgroups. Not only would it have made it a crime to write provocative e-mail to your lover, it would also be a crime for your Internet provider. "Censorship is never for those who have experienced it. It is a brand on the imagination that affects the individual who has suffered it, forever" (Nadine Gordimer, Microsoft Office). What business does the government have telling people what they can and can?t see anyway? If the child?s parents are so concerned about what they are going to see on the Internet, there is software available that screens the Internet for just that computer. It isn?t very expensive, in fact, you can even download some software from the Internet. Yet, this software is no substitute for good judgment. "If you have time on your hands, if your comfortable with computing, and you have an unflagging curiosity about sex - in other words, if you?re a teenager - you may think you?ve suddenly landed in pornography heaven" (Gleick, 26). Pornography is the only thing that you ever seem to hear about the Internet, but there is so much more out there. Information on anything and everything you could possibly ever imagine. Most of the material that I gathered for this project was done by hours of Internet ?surfing?. Another large misconception about the Internet is that while surfing you can just stumble on to pornography. Though it

Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Essay

Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary - Essay Example Scholars proposed several models. Two such models propounded by Albanese (1989; 1994, as cited in Lampe, 2003) is the bureaucratic model (hierarchical) and patron-client model. The crime group Cosa Nosa was originally studied to belong to the bureaucratic model but also categorized by other scholars under patron-client model who challenged the earlier categorization (Williams, n.d.; Lampe, 2003). Cressey (1969, as cited in Lampe, 2003) typifies the hierarchical model as a â€Å"nationwide bureaucratic organizational entity† (para. 3). Joe Albini (1971, as cited in Lampe, 2003) and Francis and Liz Ianni (1972, as cited in Lampe, 2003) saw the patron-client model as a â€Å"web of asymmetric ties† interlinked with the regional and cultural networks (para. 3). The organized crime bureaucratic model has a â€Å"hierarchical or pyramidal structures† with branches nationwide, operates an illegal cartel, the bureaucracy governed by a central commission, and there is a clear-cut division of tasks and specialized functions among the branches (Williams, n.d., p. 62). Therefore, it is described as more corporate in structure with defined operative functions. OC under this model has specific skills and expertise, administer the organization through hierarchy and follows a procedure (Abadinsky, n.d.). The structure depends on the particular skills and capacity of mem bers and not on ethnicity (Abadinsky, n.d.). The organization even hires employees, secretaries, accountants and lawyers (Abadinsky, n.d.). Embarking on new illicit ventures is motivated by purely financial concerns and not by power or personal consideration (Abadinsky, n.d.). The patron-client model, used as a political machine, can be traced on the in-flow of migrants from other countries (Abadinsky, n.d.). The migrants that grew dramatically from early 1900s to mid-1900 were discriminated upon, the object of hostility and worked on dangerous conditions (Abadinsky, n.d.). They were harnessed by a

Analysis for Chevron Corporate Social Responsibility Essay

Analysis for Chevron Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example The company also looks at various stakeholders’ benefits. The company has adopted quite a few CSR strategies to get involved in the market. Table of Contents Abstract 2 1.0 About Chevron 4 2.0 The Corporate Social Responsibility Activities of Chevron 5 2.1 Business Ethics 6 2.2 Government 8 2.3 Human Rights 8 3.0 Evaluation of the Motivations for CSR Activities Drawing Upon the Company's Market Environment 9 4.0 Evaluation of the Motivations for CSR Activities Drawing Upon the Company's Non Market Environment 11 5.0 The Stakeholder Theory in Relation to Chevron 14 6.0 Conclusion 17 7.0 Recommendations 18 References 19 1.0 About Chevron Chevron is regarded to be one of the largest American multinational oil producing companies. It is considered as one of the top energy companies with various subsidiaries all over the world. The company is engaged in a string of activities such as exploration, transportation, production of crude oil along with natural gas as well. They are engag ed in generating power and in the production of geothermal energy. The company is focussed on providing safe and healthy environment to the people. Their main objective is to uphold the organisational reliability and effectiveness in the minds of the people. It also produces mining, pipelines, chemicals and is involved in power construction businesses as well. In the US, the company owns 9,600 gas stations that function under the brand name of Chevron along with Texaco. It also own or has stakes in around 12,400 gas stations outside the market of the US with brand name of ‘Caltex’. Chevron signed a $4.3 billion deal with  Atlas Energy  in 2011 (Chevron, 2008) 2.0 The Corporate Social Responsibility Activities of Chevron Corporate responsibility at Chevron is the use of ‘The Chevron Way’ across social, environmental along with governance issues and concerns. The corporate responsibility of the company is implemented through existing systems, procedures a nd policies of management in order to operate ethically and responsibly. The major aim of the company is to constantly develop the performance and activities in the organisation. The business is performed in an efficient, ethical and responsible way. Through the corporate social responsibility activities Chevron looks to perform their business responsibly by delivering not only energy but also creating sustainable partnership. Chevron has prepared an Action Plan in which climate change has played a significant part in their projects related to emissions reduction, research improvements and also efficiency improvements. Chevron also sustains their CSR activities by touching the requirements of the human lives by initiatives such as ‘Corporate Champion of The Global Fund’ in order to fight against diseases such as Tuberculosis, AIDS and Malaria. They were working towards controlling as well as eradicating these harmful diseases in six different countries that has high lev el incidence rate (Chevron, 2008). Chevron’s Operational Excellence Management System (OEMS) defines the expectations with regard to the organised management of safety, reliability, environment, health and efficiency in order to attain outstanding performance in operational excellence (Chevron, 2010). Chevron uses various motives for their role towards corporate social responsibility. The motives are ethical motives, economic motives and strategic motives. CSR and